Physiotherapy/ Exercise and osteoarthritis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6181665/
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.794062/full
https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2474-14-232
https://www.oarsijournal.com/article/S1063-4584(17)31276-1/fulltext
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0269215520971795
Off Loader bracing
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00167-014-3305-x
https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0041-1740931
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0968016014000428
Osteoarthritis physiology
Important concepts
OA involves many aspects of the joint, including the synovial membrane.
OA is the result of metabolic dysregulation, not just extrinsic mechanical dysregulation.
Joint inflammation associated with OA does lead to disease progression.
Pathological changes seen in OA joints include progressive loss and destruction of articular cartilage, thickening of the subchondral bone, formation of osteophytes, variable degrees of inflammation of the synovium, degeneration of ligaments and menisci of the knee and hypertrophy of the joint capsule.
OA sees an increase in catabolic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877065716300847
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5240031/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3989071/
Understanding Repair and Regeneration
Review of OA management strategies
This is one of the better articles. Slightly dated, but provides a very good overview.
https://www.cmaj.ca/content/190/3/E72
This article has some good content, but really downplays autologous therapies. However I think it provides some good discussion points. I think it’s important to understand why any pharmacological initiative will likely be limited in its benefit, or will at least always require supplementation with PRF.
Steroids
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6437125/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4622344/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28510679/
Understanding Prp and Fibrin rich Prp
Classification
https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/10.2217/rme-2017-0042
PRP and OA
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6383098/
https://www.sicot-j.org/articles/sicotj/full_html/2021/01/sicotj200110/sicotj200110.html
PRP vs PRF
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4817373/
The role of leukocytes
https://www.henslersurgical.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/PRP-PRF-Leukocytes-and-wound-healing.pdf
Low spin speed, more cells
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10856-017-5992-6
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00068-017-0767-9
Stem cells in cartilage
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10856-017-5992-6
Stem cell and leukocyte interplay
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3490280/
MSC in peripheral blood have similar chondrogenic potential as BMDSC
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21922534/
PRF - Review
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6988133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6572609/
PRF animal models
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26568857/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25028656/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28783120/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3180150/